Izifundo ziqinisekisa ukuba ukufudumala kwehlabathi iya kukhokelela kwixesha elizayo ukuba Imbalela enzima kakhulu, ixesha elide okanye ngaphezulu. Ukunyuka kwe-carbon dioxide (CO2) kwi-atmosfera yeyona nto ibangela oku, nangona kunjalo, akunakutsholwa ukuba oku kuphela kwesizathu sembalela.
Imbalela ngokubanzi ibandakanya zombini izinto zendalo kunye nezo zinxulumene nemisebenzi yabantu: utshintsho kulawulo lwamanzi, ukusetyenziswa komhlaba, ukuveliswa kweCO2 ... Kwaye imiphumo yembalela imbi kakhulu njengoko besongela inkqubo yendalo kunye namanzi okusela.
Yintoni imbalela?
1. f. Imozulu eyomileyo ehlala ixesha elide. Royal Spanish Academy
Imbalela yaziwa ngokuba ixesha elide apho ummandla ungafumani manzi aneleyo okubonelela ngeemfuno zokusingqongileyo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezihlala kuloo ndawo, kuquka abantu. Sihlala sinxulumanisa la maxesha kunye nemifanekiso ethile efana nomhlaba oqhekekileyo, imilambo eyomileyo okanye amasimi atyheli, nangona kunjalo, imbalela icinga ngomfanekiso onzima ngakumbi.
Ngaba uyazi ukuba kukho ngaphezulu komfana omnye womile? Ukulungiselela eli nqaku, sifumene umdla ukuba nokwenzeka kokwahlula ukuya kuthi ga kwezine:
- IMeteorological: Kungenxa yokungabikho okanye ukunqaba kwemvula ngexesha elithile.
- Ezolimo: Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba kutheni amanzi akhoyo angakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezolimo. Isenokubangelwa kukunqongophala kwemvula kodwa nakwiingxaki zokufikelela kubonelelo okanye umsebenzi wezolimo ongacwangciswanga kakuhle.
- Ulawulo lwamanzi: Kwenzeka xa oovimba bamanzi kwindawo bengaphantsi komndilili. Ukuncipha kwemvula echaphazela amanqanaba amadama, amachibi, imisinga kunye nokugcwala kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba, yenye yezinto eziwakhuthazayo; kodwa kusenokubakho icandelo lomntu.
- Uqoqosho kwezentlalo: Ivumela ukuchonga iimpembelelo zentlalo nezoqoqosho ezibangelwa kukunqongophala kobutyebi bamanzi.
Imbalela iba, njengoko ubonile, yinkqubo ebandakanya intsebenziswano enzima phakathi kwezigqibo kunye imisebenzi yabantu kunye nokwahluka kwendalo emanzini. Ngaba kukho ubudlelwane obuthe ngqo phakathi kwembalela kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu?
Unxulumano phakathi kokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nembalela
Ngokutsho kweNASA kwizifundo zayo zamva nje, iqondo lobushushu okwangoku liphezulu kunedigri enye kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Kwaye izizathu zoku ukufudumala kwehlabathi ngaphaya kokunyamalala, ziphindaphindeka ngokwengxelo yeegesi ze<em>greenhouse ezalungiselelwa yiWMO (World Meteorological Organization).
Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kuye kwanciphisa umthamo we Imvula ewa njengekhephu, ukuqhubela phambili ekuqaleni kokunyibilika. Ikhephu ngoku linyibilika kwangethuba kwaye lithetha ukuba amanzi akhona ngaphambi kokuba adingeke naxa kunzima ukuwagcina, ngenxa yesidingo sokugcina amaqondo ogcino lwamanzi esezantsi ngokwentelekiso ukunciphisa imingcipheko yezandyondyo ngelixa imvula isali.
Olu tshintsho kwimvula ngenxa yokwanda kweqondo lobushushu elongeziweyo ekuphelisweni kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba kunye nezigqibo zabantu iimeko zembalela emandundu kwimimandla emininzi, ukunciphisa ukufumaneka kwamanzi kwaye ngoko ke ukwandisa imfuno yawo.
Iziphumo zembalela
Imbalela ibeka emngciphekweni inkqubo yendalo, ukwandisa umngcipheko wokutsha kwehlathi kunye nokunyanzela ukufuduka. Zikwachaphazela abantu abangaphakathi nangaphandle kweendawo abahlangabezana nazo ngokuthe ngqo, zibe negalelo ekunyukeni kwamaxabiso okutya namanzi ngokwawo. Ezi ziziphumo zezona mbalela zibalulekileyo:
- Ukunyibilika kwangethuba kubangela ukubaleka kwamanzi ngexesha apho kungekho mfuneko inkulu yamanzi kwezolimo. Ke, imbalela efanayo ngamaxesha anobushushu obuninzi inokuba nefuthe elibi kakhulu kweli candelo, ukwandisa ilahleko yezolimo kwaye ke ngoko amaxabiso okutya.
- Imbalela nayo ibangela ilahleko yezinto ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ukuncipha kunye nokuphela kweentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana, ngenxa yokufuduka ngenkani kunye nokwanda kwemililo yamahlathi.
- Njengoko amanzi angaphezulu efumaneka kancinci, amandla okuba Ukuveliswa kwamandla kagesi inokuba ngaphantsi.
- Ba no kukwazi bangela iingxaki zonikezelo, ukwalela uluntu lonke ukuba lufumane amanzi kangangeentsuku okanye iinyanga.
- Iziphumo zoku kungasentla zi ukungondleki, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokwanda kwezifo ezithile.
Imbalela iyabiza, ngakumbi xa ichaphazela imimandla yezolimo. Kwaye kukuba ulimo lolona shishino luchatshazelwa kakhulu yimbalela kwinqanaba lamacandelo kwaye lelinye elineziphumo ezinkulu.