Watan Janairu 2020 shine mafi kyawun Duniya tunda akwai bayanai. Wannan ya tattara ta National Oceanic da kuma Yanayin ofasar Amurka. Hukumar ta kuma nuna cewa yana nufin karkacewar zafin jiki duniya ta kasance mafi girma a cikin shekaru 141. Shin ba damuwa bane?
Kungiyar Kula da Yanayi ta Duniya (WMO) tana nuni zuwa hanya guda, tana mai tabbatarwa ta hanyar bayanai daban-daban cewa lokacin 2015-2019 ya kasance mafi tsawon shekaru biyar da aka taɓa rubutawa. Kuma kodayake bayanai suna da mahimmanci, ba lallai ba ne a san da su canjin yanayi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Kuma a cikin tasirinsa, kamar hawan tekun da abubuwan da suka shafi yanayin.
Hawan zafin duniya
Dangane da sabon binciken da NASA tayi, zazzabin yanzun haka digiri daya a sama fiye da karni na 1,1. Matsakaicin yanayin duniya ya karu da 0,2 ºC tun zamanin da take kafin masana'antu da kuma 2011 ºC idan aka kwatanta da lokacin 2015-1. Kuma muna riga muna fuskantar sakamakon ɗumamar yanayi na digiri XNUMX, tare da yanayin yanayi mai kyau, hauhawar ruwan teku, da ƙarancin ruwan kankara a cikin Arctic.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan ɗumamar yanayi, bayan ɓacewa, suna ta ninkawa. A cikin wani rahoto kan maida hankali kan iskar gas wanda WMO ya shirya yana nuna cewa, a tsakanin lokacin 2015-2019, an lura da ƙarin ci gaba a matakan carbon dioxide (CO2) da sauran mahimman gas a cikin sararin samaniya. Kuma wannan suna da kai matakan rikodin.
Idan aka kwatanta da 1965, da amfani da makamashi a Spain a 2018 ya kasance 395,31% mafi girma. Yayin da hayakin haya ya dan ragu kadan, 267%, a cewar rahoton 'BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2019'. Masana'antun masana'antu sun kai kashi 23,9% na yawan hayakin Gas na Greenhouse. Iyalai sun fitar da kashi 21,0% na duka da kuma wadatar lantarki, gas, tururi, kwandishan da ruwa 20,9%.
Idan dumamar yanayi ta ci gaba da tafiya a kan yadda take a yanzu, zafin zai iya karuwa zuwa 1,5ºC tsakanin 2030 da 2052. Barazana a cewar Masana Kimiyyar Canjin Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, tunda illar na iya dawowa m ko ba za a iya juyawa ba. Don haka iyakance wannan karuwar yana da mahimmanci don baiwa mutane da tsarin halittu damar daidaitawa da zama a kasan kofofin hadari masu dacewa.
Daki don daukar kwararan matakai, aiki don rage hayaki mai gurbata muhalli da bunkasa Ƙarfafawa da karfin. Ta haka ne kawai za mu iya juyawa sakamakon wannan rikicin yanayi da hukumomin duniya 900 suka riga suka ayyana.
Sakamakon
Kuma menene babban sakamakon sauyin yanayi? Ruwa a cikin Arctic, hauhawar matakin teku da yanayin yanayi mai tsananin gaske sune mafi mahimmanci, saboda yawan sakamakon da hakan, daga baya, zai samo asali.
Arctic narkewa
A lokacin 2015-2018, matsakaicin matsakaicin iyakar ruwan kankara a cikin Arctic ya ragu sosai fiye da matsakaicin da aka rubuta tsakanin 1981 da 2010. Kankarar kankara mai shekaru kusan ta ɓace kuma narkar da shekara ta shekara ta kankara ta Antarctic ta ƙaru da ragu shida lokuta, zuwa daga 40 Gt a kowace shekara a cikin lokacin 1979-1990 zuwa 252 Gt a kowace shekara a cikin lokacin 2009-2017.
Tashi a matakin teku da acidity
Raguwar kwatsam a cikin rufin kankara a Antarctica da Greenland zai ƙara haɓakar haɓakar teku a nan gaba. A tsakanin lokacin 2014-2019, yawan karuwar yanayin teku a duniya yakai 5 mm a kowace shekara, idan aka kwatanta da 3,2 mm a kowace shekara da aka rubuta a baya, daga 1993 zuwa 2007. Ruwan tekuna kuma yana ɗaukar kusan 30% na hayaƙin anthropogenic CO2 na shekara-shekara, saboda haka guje wa dumamar yanayi. Wannan yana wakiltar tsadar tsabtace muhalli don tekuna tunda CO2 yana tasiri tare da ruwan teku, don haka yana gyara acidity na tekuna.
Matsanancin yanayi.
Fiye da 90% na masifu na halitta suna da alaƙa da lokaci. Babban bala'in shine hadari da ambaliyar ruwa. Ruwan igiyar ruwa, duk da haka, shine mafi haɗarin haɗarin yanayi a lokacin lokacin 2015-2019. Sun shafi kowace nahiya, suna lamuran rayukan mutane, suna kunna wutar daji da haifar da asarar amfanin gona.