Intwasahlobo isikhathi esifushane nje, isimo sezulu esihle sesiqala ukuqhakaza nelanga seliqala ukukhanya kakhulu eMhlabeni. Ukuchayeka okukhulu elangeni kungasibangela i-carcinoma ehlaselayo, enye yezindaba ezimbi kakhulu ongasinikeza uchwepheshe.
Kubaluleke kakhulu yazi ukuthi kufanele sizivikele kanjani elangeni nasemisebeni yalo ye-UVNgoba uma sidlula ngokweqile ukuvezwa futhi singasinaki isikhumba sethu, singaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Ukuba nesikhumba esishukiwe futhi ngisho kungaba ngumgomo omuhle wabantu abaningi, bafuna ukukhombisa isikhumba esinsundu phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo. Lapho kufika ukushisa, nge izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, sifuna ukugqoka izingubo ezilula lokho kusenza sibone isikhumba esithe xaxa, kungaba sezingalweni, emilenzeni noma entanyeni.
Abanye abantu abaningi abafuni okuningi ukushuka ehlobo futhi bahlala kude nelanga, kepha-ke, uma ungomunye walabo abathanda ukubukisa ngesikhumba esishukiwe, khumbula ukucabanga kwethu ukugcina isikhumba siphilile futhi siphephile. Ngoba abantu abaningi abazinaki izingozi zezilonda zesikhumba lapho zishiswa yilanga.
Uma uchitha isikhathi esiningi ushaywa yimisebe ye-UV ngqo, kungaba nemiphumela emibi. Ngaphandle kokusha okujwayelekile, ukungezwani komzimba kanye nomdlavuza kungenzeka.
Iyini imisebe yelanga?
Okokuqala, kulula ukuchaza ukuthi iyini imisebe yelanga. Ukuze senze lokhu, kufanele sinqume ukuthi le radiation yakhiwe yimisebe engabonakali nebonakalayo. Imisebe ye-UVA, nemisebe ye-UVB eyakha imisebe engabonakali yokukhanya futhi iyona edala izifo eziningi zesikhumba.
La Imisebe ye-UVB nguyena obhekene nemiphumela emibi, kuyilapho I-UVA ifaka phakathi kuka-10% no-20%. Ezinyangeni zasehlobo, lapho senza imisebenzi yangaphandle, imisebe iba nolaka kakhulu futhi ingadala izinkinga uma singazivikeli.
Ukulimala okuvamile kwesikhumba ekuvezweni yilanga
Lapho kuvela uhlobo oluthile lwesilonda sesikhumba Ngenxa yokuchayeka elangeni, kungaba umphumela wokungasinakekeli isikhumba lapho ushuka noma wenze umsebenzi elangeni ngaphandle kokuvikelwa.
Uma singasebenzisi ukuvikelwa kwelanga futhi ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela ukuthi sihlaselwe isikhumba okungaba kubi kakhulu.
Okulandelayo, sichaza imininingwane yezilonda zesikhumba ezivame kakhulu esingazithola esikhunjeni sethu.
Ukushisa kwe-UV
Ukushiswa yilanga kudalwa yimisebe ye-ultraviolet BLokhu kungavela kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba evezwayo, kungaba izingalo, imilenze, izindlebe, izitebhisi noma isikhumba. Ezinye izimpawu nezimpawu zokusha okuvame kakhulu yilezi:
- Isikhumba sifudumele lapho usithinta.
- Kukhona I i-edema.
- Kuyinto kucwebezela indawo.
- kuyinto isisa, ukulunywa y ubuhlungu.
- Ezincane zakhiwa amabhamuza.
- Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungadala ikhanda, isicanucanu, ukukhathala, nomkhuhlane.
Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokushiswa yilanga. Isikhumba siqala inqubo yokuxebuka eholela ekwelapheni okuhamba kancane, ukushiswa yilanga kubangela ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala nokubomvu amahora amaningi elangeni seliphumile.
Ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwesikhumba
Ilanga lidala wonke umonakalo odalwe yimisebe ye-ultraviolet eminyakeni edlule, okudala ukuthi yenzeke ukuwohloka kwezicubu ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukufaka isithombe. Zonke izindawo ebezikhona isithombe siveziwe, Kungathatha isilinganiso seminyaka engama-20 ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimpawu zokuguga.
Kuyanda ukutholakala kwama-actinic keratoses, imibimbi namabala. Ilanga liyi-generator engu-80% yalezi zibonakaliso esikhumbeni.
Umdlavuza wesikhumba
Umdlavuza awulona ihlaya, ngakho-ke ngeqiniso elilula lokuvezwa yilanga, kufanele sizinakekele futhi sizivikele ngokwanele emisebeni ye-UV. Ukuvezwa yilanga akubangeli ukulimala okufana nokusha, izilonda zesikhumba ezinobungozi nazo zingakhula.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe ama-90% we-carcinomas asikiwe atholakala ezindaweni eziveziwe njengobuso, izindlebe, intamo, izingalo nezandla. Nazi izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza:
I-melanomas
Ukuchayeka ngokweqile, ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ngezikhathi ezithile kwelanga kuhlobene nama-melanomas, imvamisa ukukhula njalo kubantu abanamehlo alungile nesikhumba abahlushwa ukushiswa yilanga ebusheni noma ebuntwaneni.
Yize kuwuhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba olungajwayelekile, eminyakeni yamuva nje amacala akhuphukile. Isibikezelo saso kufanele sitholakale ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-57, kanti ama-75% avela ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-70.
I-squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
I-squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), amaseli athintekile angaphezulu kakhulu kwe-epidermis, okuthiwa yi-spinous. Bamele ama-20% we-carcinomas we piel.
Labo bantu abasebenzisa okhilimu bokushuka, bandise amathuba aphindwe izikhathi ezi-2,5 amathuba okukuthuthukisa.
I-Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
Kulolu hlobo lwe-basal cell carcinoma (BCC) amaseli abandakanyeka ku-carcinomaZitholakala kusendlalelo olusisekelo lwe-epidermis futhi zibhekene nokuvuselelwa kwesikhumba. Lezi yizicubu zesikhumba ezivame kakhulu, ezibala u-80% wengqikithi.
Ukungezwani komzimba
Abanye abantu bangahlakulela isimo somzimba kusuka ekushisweni yilanga. Indlela ejwayelekile yokubonakaliswa ngokusebenzisa ukuqhuma kwelanga kwe-polymorphous. Kubonakala ngokubangela ukuqubuka nokunwaya ezindaweni eziveziwe.
Ezimweni ezinzima, ziyanyamalala zodwa ngaphandle kokwenza ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, lapho kudingeka uhlobo oluthile lokwelashwa zingenziwa ngokusebenzisa amaphilisi noma imikhiqizo ye-corticosteroid.
Gwema ukuba nezilonda zesikhumba ngenxa yokushiswa yilanga
Ukugwema ukuba nezilonda zesikhumba, okuhle kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuze ungahlushwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi noma nini lapho sifuna ukushiswa yilanga ngonembeza, sigqoke ukhilimu welanga ngokuvikelwa okungenani kwe-50 SPF nezimpahla zokuzivikela njengamahembe enemikhono emide, izigqoko noma amabhulukwe.
Ngendlela efanayo, kungakuhle ukuthi uye kochwepheshe njalo, kubalulekile ukuvakashela i- udokotela wesikhumba ngani inganquma ukuthi indawo esiyibonile noma imvukuzane entsha ehlukile, i-carcinogenic noma ayikho, ngoba alikho ikhambi elingcono kunokuvimbela.