Nokuba ungumfazi okanye uyindoda, uvile ngokuqinisekileyo nge-PSA, i-prostate-specific antigen, isiphawuli esixelela amadoda ukuba anobukho bezinto ezinokukhokelela kumhlaza.
Ngendlela efanayo ukuba abafazi kufuneka babeke iliso kwaye bahlolwe amabele kunye nesibeleko sabo, Amadoda kufuneka enze olu vavanyo malunga ne-prostate yawo.
Kweli nqaku sifuna ukukuxelela ukuba kuthetha ukuthini ukuba ne PSA ephezulu, akudingeki ukuba uloyike ngenxa yokuba baphuma phezulu, siya kujongana nesihloko ukuze ube nobuninzi bolwazi oluxabisekileyo.
Iimpawu ze-tumor, ziyintoni?
Iziphawuli luluhlu lwezinto ezinokubonwa egazini. Ukuba ufumana kubo Ugxininiso olukhulu kunexabiso elithile, Ingabonisa ubukho bethumba okanye umhlaza.
Nangona kunjalo, kuninzi sifumana ubunzima xa kufikwa kubo fumanisa umhlaza ngovavanyo olunye kuphela isiphawuli sethumba. Ke ngoko, ukuba nexabiso eliphezulu akuthethi ukuba sinomhlaza.
Umzekelo, kubasetyhini sifumana i-CA125, i-tumor marker yomhlaza we-ovarian, enokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumzuzu wokuya exesheni esikuwo.
Amaxabiso aguquguqukayo
Enye ingxaki esinokuyenza fumana ngeempawu zethumba, kukuba banokuguquguquka kumaxabiso ngokungakhethiyo, ngoko ke asinakuthemba umlinganiselo omnye.
Nokuba sizilinganisa izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini enye, sinokubona amanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, ezi Iimpawu zethumba, banokukuxelela izinto ezimbini:
- Basenza sikrokre malunga a ukuxilongwa, ngokuba nexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu.
- Basinceda ukuba sivavanye ukuvela kwethumba ifunyenwe ngezinye iinkqubo.
Iimpawu zeProstate Specific Antigen (PSA)
Okulandelayo, sikuxelela ukuba yintoni na iPSA. I-prostate ethile ye-antigen yi-glycoprotein Idityaniswe kwi-prostate, kwaye sigxininisa imisebenzi emibini:
- Nyibilikisa ihlwili le seminal. Yehlisa ubukhulu be isidoda sokuqala, ukuyijika ibe lulwelo ngakumbi.
- Nciba i-tampon yomlomo wesibeleko. Idlozi lenziwa ukuba linqumle umlomo wesibeleko ngenjongo yokuqhamisa iqanda.
Ipesenti encinci ye I-PSA ijikeleza egazini, kwaye yile nto siya kuyilinganisa, kwaye ukugxilwa kwePSA okuqhelekileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4 mg/mL kuthathwa njengesiqhelo.
Kubonisa ntoni ukuba nePSA ephezulu?
Nangona siye saphawula ngaphambili ukuba ukuba ne-PSA ephezulu akuthethi ukuba kukho ubukho be-tumor, ngezinye izihlandlo, ibona ukuba kukho into engahambi kakuhle emzimbeni wethu. Ngezantsi sichaza ngayo:
ithumba lesinyi
Ithumba kwi-organ, kubangela ukwanda kwenani kunye nokusebenza kweeseli zelo lungu. Ke ngoko, ukuba nethumba kwidlala lengqula kubangela ukuba iPSA ibe phezulu kuba iiseli ezininzi ziveliswa kwelo lungu.
Njengoko kusenokuba njalo elona xabiso liphezulu lePSA, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlaselwe lithumba.
- Ngemilinganiselo phakathi I-4 kunye ne-10 ng / ml Nantsi lapho 25% amathuba okuba nethumba.
- Ngamaxabiso amakhulu kune 10 ng / ml sifumene I-50% yamathuba okuba nethumba.
Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka sicace ukuba nangona sine-PSA ephezulu, oko akuthethi ukuba sine-tumor, kwaye ukuba ne-PSA ephantsi kuthetha ukuba sinempilo njenge-apula, kuba iimeko zenzeke kuzo zombini ezigqithiseleyo.
I-Benign Prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
I-Benign prostatic hyperplasia ihambelana nokunyuka okungenalo umhlaza kubukhulu be-prostate. Lo ngumahluko wesiqhelo obonakala ngokuguga. Kwezi meko, iPSA ibonisa imiba emibini:
- Amanqanaba ePSA asezantsi, nangona sele sibonile la maxabiso aguquguquka kakhulu.
- Ngexesha loviwo, ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwe-rectal, Idlala libonakala lithambile.
Iprostatitis
Ukunyuka kwamanqanaba ePSA kunokubonwa xa ubandezeleka iprostatitis. Le pathology ihambelana nezifo okanye ukuvuvukala kwe-prostate, kwaye inezizathu ezininzi, ukusuka kwiibhaktheriya, ukuvuthela kwi-prostate, ukukhwela ibhayisekile okanye ukubanda kwindawo yezintso.