New Zealand ko Aotearoa a cikin Maori ("ƙasar dogon farin gajimare") yana cikin Oceania zuwa Kudu maso Yammacin Tekun Fasifik, ya haɗu da manyan tsibirai biyu, Arewa da Kudu da ƙananan tsibirai da yawa kewaye da su. Tsibirin Arewa na cikin kunkuntun abubuwa kuma yana dauke da dutsen da ke fitowar wuta kwanan nan. Tsibirin Kudancin, mafi girma da tsaunuka, yana da tsayi fiye da 3.000 m. kuma a cikin sa abubuwan mamaki suna yawaita. Babban kogi shine Waikato, a tsibirin Arewa. Yanayin yana da teku mai zafi.
La Tsibirin Arewa Shine mafi yawan jama'a kuma shine tushen tushen kasuwancin da kasuwancin, yayin da Tsibirin Kudu ya fi wadata a kyawawan wurare da wuraren shakatawa na halitta.
Wasu daga garuruwanta
Auckland
Ita ce birni mafi girma da birni mafi girma, babbar tashar jirgin ruwa da tsohon babban birni, wanda yake kan wani ƙofar masarufi tsakanin tashar jiragen ruwa ta Manukau da Waitemata a arewacin Tsibirin Arewa. Ya yaɗu a kan tsaffin volcanoes da yawa. Mazaunan Ingilishi sun kafa garin a cikin 1840 a kan rukunin Maori kuma yana da mafi yawan mutanen Polynesia a duniya: kusan 57.000 - gami da yawancin Tsibirin Fasifik - Gidan Tarihi na Tunawa da War ya ƙunshi ɗayan mafi kyawun tarin kayan tarihi na Polynesia a duniya, musamman Maori . Maori sun sayarwa da Ingilishi wurin a cikin 1840 don musayar tufafi, abinci, taba, da kusan £ 30. A yau, tashar jirgin ruwa tana fitarwa kayayyakin kiwo, ulu, fata, da itace, kuma tana shigo da injuna, mai, da takin zamani. Masana'antunta sun haɗa da masaku, sunadarai, sarrafa abinci, kayan aikin inji, aikin ƙarfe, da haɗuwar abin hawa. Yawan jama'arta shine mazauna 769.600. Yawon shakatawa: Panorama daga saman Dutsen Adnin; gidan kayan gargajiya (Maori da Polynesian art); Yankin da lambunan shi; Parnell Mall. Farawa daga Auckland zamu ga Northland, matattarar al'ummar ƙasar; bakin kogin Las Islas (babban kamun kifi); Waitangi (Gidan Yarjejeniya, "Tui" jirgin ruwa, gidan kayan gargajiya na jirgin ruwa) Russell, tsohon birni mara izini na mahaya; Cape Reinga (wutar lantarki, itace mai tsarki, na haɗu da tekuna biyu); Kirikiri (gonaki); Waipu (katuwar kaori na 18 m. Kwane-kwane).
Napier
Birnin New Zealand, tashar jirgin ruwa da ke kan Tsibirin Arewa, kusan kilomita 270 arewa maso gabashin babban birnin, Wellington. Yana cikin Hawke's Bay kuma yana fitar da 'ya'yan itace, ulu, daskararren nama, kayayyakin kiwo, da katako. Kamar Hastings, wanda ke da nisan kilomita 20 daga kudu maso yamma, kusan girgizar ƙasa ta lalata shi a 1931 wanda ya kashe mutane 250. An sake gina birni a cikin salon zane-zane. Yawan jama'arta 48.800
Rotorua
Garin yawon bude ido da cibiyar kiwon lafiya wadanda ke kusa da kilomita 160 kudu maso gabashin Auckland (New Zealand). Tana gefen Tafkin Rotorua a tsibirin Arewa, a wani yanki mai yawan maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi, daɗaɗɗen ruwa, da laka na magani. Ana amfani da ruwan zafi daga wasu maɓuɓɓuka don dumama gidaje da gine-gine a lokacin hunturu; Har ila yau, a matsayin makamashi don sassan sanyi a lokacin bazara. Pohutu, mafi ƙarfin gishirin ruwa, yana ƙaddamar da ginshiƙan ruwa kusan 30 m. Tsayi Whakarewarewa, a gefen gari, ƙauye ne na Maori wanda mazaunanta ke amfani da ruwan zafi wajen girki; suma suna wanka da iyo acikinsa. Yawan jama'arta 48.300 Yawon Bude Ido ne: Maori mutane, lawa da geysers; tabkuna; fauna da flora.
Christchurch
Birni mafi girma a tsibirin Kudu (New Zealand), wanda yake gefen gefen filayen Canterbury. Ita ce babbar cibiya ta daya daga cikin yankunan kasar da ke noman alkama da noman tumaki. Masana'antun nata sun hada da sarrafa abinci da gwangwani, yadin zaren da yadin, aikin bita na jirgin kasa, har da kafet, taki, takalmin da kuma kayan daki. An kafa shi a cikin 1851 a matsayin mulkin mallaka na Cocin Ingila, kuma wasu daga cikin mafi kyawun gine-ginen sun fara ne tun daga wancan lokacin: Gine-ginen Gundumar Gundumomi (1859-1865) da babban cocin Gothic-style (1864-1904). Sau da yawa ana kiranta "Birnin Aljanna" saboda akwai kusan kadada 400 na lambuna da wuraren shakatawa na jama'a, kamar Sarauniya Elizabeth ta II, da aka gina don Wasannin Al'umma a 1974. Yawan mazauna 300.000 ne. Yawon shakatawa: Avon River da Park; jami'a da kwalejoji; babban coci, sabon zauren gari da kuma maɓuɓɓugar ruwanta; Taron Summit da hotonsa a kan Filin Canterbury; a cikin kewaye, Akaroa (tsohuwar kafa ta Faransa, wanda muke samun ƙwaƙwalwar sa a cikin sunayen wasu tituna) da Lyttelton (tashar kamun kifi da ke rataye a masara).
Palmerston Arewa
Gari da kasuwa da ke kan Tsibirin Arewa ta New Zealand, kilomita 130 arewa maso gabas na Wellington. An kafa shi a 1866, an ba shi suna don girmama Firayim Ministan Biritaniya, Lord Palmerston (1784-1865). Ita ce cibiyar yanki mai arzikin noma kuma tana da babban dakin binciken kayan gona, shuka daskarewar nama da kananan kamfanonin injiniyoyi na aikin gona. Hakanan yana da jami'a. Yawan mazauna 60.100 ne
Dunedin
Birnin New Zealand, a tashar jirgin ruwan Tsibiri ta Kudu da ke kilomita 306 kudu maso yamma na birnin Christchurch. Manyan masana'antunta sune gyaran jirgi, samar da giya, sunadarai da kayan ɗaki. Tana fitar da daskararren nama, ulu da kayayyakin kiwo. Presbyterians na Scotland sun kafa garin a cikin 1848 kuma ya zama babban yankin mulkin mallaka a 1861, lokacin da aka gano zinariya a yankin. An yi amfani da dukiyarsa don gina gine-ginen jama'a da yawa, kamar coci na farko (1865-1973), jami'a (1878) wacce aka tsara a kan Glasgow, Scotland, da kyakkyawar tashar jirgin Gothic-style (1902). Hakanan akwai gidajen tarihi da yawa waɗanda ke gabatar da al'adu da rayuwar da Maori ya ɓullo da su a zamanin mulkin mallaka na farko na Turai. Yawan mazauna 110.000 ne. Yawon shakatawa: Jami'ar; kyawawan gidajen Olveston; Gidan Larnach.
Queenstown
Cibiyar yawon bude ido da ke Tafkin Wakatipu, kusan kilomita 160 arewa maso yamma na Dunedin, a Tsibirin Kudu, New Zealand. Tana cikin tsaunukan tsaunuka masu daraja, wanda ya kai mita 2.286. Daya daga cikin mafi kyaun wuraren shakatawa a cikin kasar - Coronet Peak - ya ta'allaka ne ga arewa. Yawan jama'arta yawon bude ido 370: A gaɓar Tafkin Wakatipu; Coronet Peak (hotuna); ya tashi lambu da lambuna akan tafki; jirgin ruwa a cikin jirgin ruwa "Franshhaw"; ziyarar tashar shanu ta Walter Peak; yawo cikin Kogin Shotover; Gidan kayan gargajiya na ƙaura (haske da sauti); Gidan kayan gargajiya na majagaba; Gidan kayan gargajiya na gargajiya; balaguro zuwa Arrowtown, tsohon garin zinariya.
Wellington
Babban birnin ƙasar da tashar jiragen ruwa da ke a ƙarshen kudu maso yammacin tsibirin Arewa (Tsibirin Arewa). An gina shi a kan gangaren dutse kusa da tashar da aka kiyaye. Yana fitar da kayan kiwo, ulu, nama da fatu. Yana kera motocin hawa, takalmi, injina, kayayyakin ƙarfe, yadudduka, da sinadarai. Kamfanin New Zealand Company ne ya kafa garin a cikin 1840, wata kungiyar Burtaniya wacce ta karfafa mulkin mallaka a kasar. An ba shi sunan da yake ɗauke da shi har wa yau, don girmama gwarzon soja na Birtaniyya da Firayim Minista Duke na Wellington (1769-1852), waɗanda suka goyi bayan kamfanin. Ya gaji Auckland a matsayin babban birni a 1865. Yawancin manyan sanannun gine-ginenta sun samo asali ne tun zamanin Victoria, gami da majalisar dokoki (1877), Jami'ar Victoria (1897), Cocin St. Paul (1866), wanda babban coci ne. abin tarihi, da kuma Thistle Inn (1860). Masana'antun nata sun fi karkata ne a cikin kwarin Hutt na kusa da garin Porirua. Yawanta shine 342.500 Yawon shakatawa: Duba hoto daga saman Dutsen Victoria ko Kilburn (funicular); Majalisun dokoki (tsohuwar da sabuwar); tsohon babban cocin San Pablo; gidan kayan gargajiya (Maori art, James Cook memorabilia).
Me kuke buƙatar sani kafin tafiya?
A New Zealand, ana tuƙi hagu. Yaren da aka saba amfani dashi shine Turanci, kodayake ana koyar da Maori a makarantu, kuma ana amfani dashi a ayyukan addini kuma ana kiyaye shi ta hanyar ayyukan fasaha, galibi akan Tsibirin Arewa. Ana kiyaye waƙoƙi, raye-raye da al'adu ta hanyar ibada kuma ana yada su.
Dutsen tsauni a Kudu, mai iska sosai a Arewa, galibi karkara, New Zealand na gayyatarku ku zauna a sararin samaniya, yawon shakatawa, zuwa duk wasanni. Babban 'yanci yana mulki dangane da sutura, haɗe da tsaftace tsafta. Dogaro da yankin da shirin, ana karɓar gajeren wando da sandals ko anorak da takalmin tafiya. Ana buƙatar takalma a wasu sanduna da gidajen abinci. Yawan mutanen New Zealand ya watse, amma haɗin iska mai kyau, hanyoyi masu kyau, sabis na kocin mai sauƙin, ba da izinin tuƙi mai sauƙi (sai dai a ƙarshen kudu maso yamma, yankin Fjords, wanda har yanzu yana da wahalar samunsa).
'Yan New Zealand, waɗanda ke cin abinci duk rana, ba su da kiba sosai (ban da matan Maori, waɗanda fatansu ya kusan yin kwarkwasa), saboda suna yin wasanni da yawa, ko'ina da kowane yanayi. Ko da kawai don aikin lambu ne suke gudanar da ayyukansu sosai, kowa, ko kusan kowa, wanda ke zaune a cikin gida ɗaya tare da ciyawa da bishiyoyi masu furanni. Manyan garuruwa galibi tashar jiragen ruwa ne, saboda haka suna da rairayin bakin teku kuma sun dace da duk wasannin ruwa. A kowane zamani, mutane masu iya tafiya ne kuma masu hawan dutse, idan ba hawan dutse na gaskiya ba. Golf, cricket, croquet ana yin su koda a ƙananan ƙauyuka. Kwallon kafa da wasan rugby sun kayatar da jama'a, gami da tseren dawakai.
Lokaci
Farautar a bude take duk shekara don jinsin da aka ayyana "mai cutarwa", amma sauran dabbobi, kodayake suna da haɗari, irin su "kea" (aku mai biyan gaggafa, wanda ake yawan tsoron rago), ana kiyaye shi.
Masunta abu ne mai ban al'ajabi idan aka kwatanta shi da kamun da ake yi yanzu a wani wuri, ta yadda kowane ɗan New Zealand kuma, ta hanyar yaduwa, kowane baƙon da yake wucewa, ya kama wani yanki da ya isa a rarraba shi, don nuna shi ga sha'awar abokansa. A cikin yankunan tafkin, ana hayar duk abin da ake buƙata don kamun kifi (jirgin ruwa, cikakken kayan aiki, da shawara daga ƙwararren jagora), kuma a cikin sanyayyen ruwa mai tsabta na Wakatipu ko Rotorna, kifi a zahiri yana kewaya a kusa da baits.
A cikin Bay of the Islands (Tsibirin Arewacin), game da kamawar dodo ne da bayanan duniya, kamar na «mako» shark (fam 1.061): wani abu da za a yi mafarki da shi ko ma don rawar jiki.
Lokacin Disamba-Fabrairu duka na ƙarshen bukukuwan shekara ne waɗanda akeyi kamar yadda a Turai, da na hutun makaranta. Ita ce babbar tashar yawon bude ido, yana da kyau a tanadi abubuwan hawa gaba, masauki, nunin. Yuli-Agusta shine lokacin wasanni na dusar ƙanƙara a cikin tsaunukan New Zealand.
Siyayya
Shagunan kyauta da shagunan kayan tarihi suna da yawa a cikin birane, wuraren yawon shakatawa da kowane wurin koci. Akwai kananan abubuwa iri daya a cikin dutse mai launin kore (kayan adon zinare, kayan adon ashtrays da na "tiki"; a cikin lu'u lu'u lu'u-lu'u (harsashi, wasanin gwada ilimi, 'yar tsana). siffofi (itace, dutse, bugawa kan zane, kayan adon ado, da sauransu). Maori katako da aka sassaka, wanda ake sarrafa shi sosai, galibi suna da kyau sosai.Haka lamarin yake game da yadudduka na leken New Zealand ("flax"), wani nau'in na raffia wanda ake yin kwalliyar tebur da shi, da kuma tufafin Maori na gargajiya: babban rukuni, corset da taguwar siket («piupiu») waɗanda ke tare da ƙwallo waɗanda ‘yan rawa‘ poi ’ke juyawa sosai.
Mutum na iya yin al'ajabi game da farashin farashi na jesuna: an yi su ne da hannu kuma daga ulu mai tsabta, ma'ana, mafi inganci. Ana sayar da ulu Skein kusan a farashin fitarwa.
Katifu na Lambs da barguna suna da kyau da fa'ida, amma masu wahala. Tare da fata iri ɗaya, riguna, kwalliya, huluna, safar hannu da takalmin da aka yi layi an yi su ne don wasannin tsaunuka. Rigunan kwalliya masu kyau suna da kyau, amma masu tsada idan aka yanka su da kyau.
Masoyan Chamarileo zasu samu damar yin shagulgula a cikin shagunan da yawa da ke siyar da abubuwa da kayyakin aiki tun daga lokacin majagaba ko saurin zinare: fitilun mai, tsofaffin bayanai, tsofaffin farantai, zane-zane, fastoci da hotuna masu taɓawa. Kyawawan faya-fayai masu kyau a cikin shagunan littattafai: Yankin New Zealand da zanen Maori musamman masu daukar hoto ne. Kyawawan gabatarwa na jerin abubuwan yau da kullun. Cakulan masu kyau da ruwan inabi masu inganci, wanda zai ba waɗanda suka yi imanin cewa Turai kawai ta san menene kyakkyawan giyar giya da ɗanɗano.
Hutu
- 1 da 2 ga Janairu 2005: Sabuwar Shekara.
- 6 don Fabrairu: Bikin Waitangi.
- Daga 25 zuwa 28 ga Maris: Makon Ista.
- Afrilu 25: Ranar Sojojin Ostiraliya da New Zealand (ANZAC).
- 6 na Yuni: Jam'iyar Ranar Haihuwar Sarauniya Elizabeth II.
- 24 don Oktoba: Ranar aiki.
- Disamba 25 da 26: Kirsimeti.